Tuesday, December 31, 2019

My Wish to Pursue a Masters Degree in Machine Learning...

I was born in 1992, in the beautiful city of Gorgan, in which I had a peaceful and happy life. As a child, I enjoyed playing with friends, solving puzzles, painting, and video games. From early days of school, I liked critical thinking much more than rote memorization, although the educational system in Iran always encourages students to memorize things. When I was 11, I was selected for the National Organization for the Development of Exceptional Talents (NODET) through an exam with less than 1% acceptance rate, which is mainly based on mathematics and intelligence questions. In our middle school, affiliated with the NODET, we were trained in a more advanced level in many fields of study, which made me more interested in Mathematics and Physics. When I was 15, I read Fundamentals of Physics by David Halliday on my own as an extracurricular activity. It was fascinating for me that everything happening around us has a mathematical explanation based on the fundamental principles of Physics. When I was 16, I was accepted in the first round of the National Olympiad in Physics by being among the first 1000 participants. A year later, I repeated the same success in Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry. The same year, I found one of my enjoyable hobbies, programming, for the first time by learning BASIC programming language. In the last year of high school, like any other students in Iran, I prepared myself for the National University Entrance Exam (known as Konkoor) as the mainShow MoreRelatedComputer Science As An Undergraduate Student At Florida Institute Of Technology1258 Words   |  6 Pagesman. But now wish to play my part in the above transformation. Even though my work may be inconsequential in nature if it can help at least one other person other than myself I would be immensely delighted. To achieve the above objective I, choose Computer Science as my major as an undergraduate student at Florida Institute of Technology. Throughout my career as an undergraduate student I too have continuously challenged what I could do in my field and now. And now as I have ended my undergraduateRead MoreAsachild,Iwasfascinatedbytheeasportsfifagames;PlayingagainsttheCpu,1421 Words   |  6 Pagesor this press of a button made my player move or shoot the ball? This inquisitiveness ultimately b ecame the driving force that made me want to pursue an undergraduate degree in Computer Science. Having secured a rank in the top 2% in my engineering entrance examination, I got accepted into M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, one of the best engineering colleges in India. In the course of my undergraduate study, I made use Read MoreWhy I Want to Study Computer Science510 Words   |  2 PagesFrom cartwheel to supercomputer the evolution of machines has always fascinated me like nothing else. A machine- symbolizes mans rational thinking. On that account a computer is the most ingenious invention of man. It exemplifies the prowess of human mind to perceive things rationally and put them to use in performing extremely difficult tasks with effortless ease. With this kind of attitude towards machines I was introduced to computers about what they can do and how they do it. This wasRead MoreAn Era Of Information Technology1645 Words   |  7 Pagesincreased machine-to-machine communication; it’s built on cloud computing and networks of data-gathering sensors; it’s mobile, virtual, and instantaneous connection; and they say it’s going to make everything in our lives from streetlights to seaports ‘smart’. Since childhood, machinery fascinated me. Be it mom’s mixer grinder initially, or the hair dryer; I would urge to decode its working process. There was a cyber cafe near my house and seeing people queuing up to use the computer left me inRead MoreEffectiveness of Pccr Review Center19276 Words   |  78 PagesStatistic Leading to the Degree Bachelor of Science in Criminology BY: Section:4-B2 MYRA M. EVANGELISTA CHRIZAN KARL T. GARCIA MELJHON D. OBEJAS ANTHONY Q. AMORES WELMAR C. GABINETE APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled â€Å"EFFECTIVENESS OF PHILIPPINE COLLEGEOFCRIMINOLOGY REVIEW CENTER†, prepared and submitted by MYRA M. EVANGELISTA, CHRIZAN KARL T. GARCIA, MELJHON D. OBEJAS, ANTHONY Q. AMORES and WELMAR C. GABINETE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science in Criminology hasRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 Pages CONTENTS: CASE STUDIES CASE STUDY 1 Midsouth Chamber of Commerce (A): The Role of the Operating Manager in Information Systems CASE STUDY I-1 IMT Custom Machine Company, Inc.: Selection of an Information Technology Platform CASE STUDY I-2 VoIP2.biz, Inc.: Deciding on the Next Steps for a VoIP Supplier CASE STUDY I-3 The VoIP Adoption at Butler University CASE STUDY I-4 Supporting Mobile Health Clinics: The Children’s Health Fund of New York City CASE STUDY I-5 Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesBehavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for ReviewRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages If you would like to suggest changes to the text, the author would appreciate your writing to him at dowden@csus.edu. iv Praise Comments on the earlier 1993 edition, published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, which is owned by Cengage Learning: There is a great deal of coherence. The chapters build on one another. The organization is sound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University TheseRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesdiscovery skills of innovative leaders: associating, questioning, observing, networking, and experimenting. To date, we have 100092 00a 001-014 INT r1 go.qxp 5/13/11 9:53 AM Page 4 4 INTRODUCTION collected self-reported and 360-degree data on these discovery skills from over ï ¬ ve hundred innovators and over ï ¬ ve thousand executives in more than seventy-five countries (for information about our assessments for individuals and companies, go to our Web site: http://www.InnovatorsDNA

Monday, December 23, 2019

Case Study 2 Bone Tissue Questions Essay - 1872 Words

Module 04 Case Study: Bone Tissue Part I— â€Å"Marissa† Questions 1. Describe bone tissue and the role each component plays in bone physiology and remodeling. What is the difference between compact and spongy bone? (2 points) Spongy bone looks like a sponge hence the name and contains a lot of red bone marrow (medulla ossium rubra). Red bone marrow is what produces red blood cells. Compact bones which consists of medulla ossium flava or yellow bone marrow, is made mostly of fat cells (Openstax College, 2013). 2. Explain the relationship between calcium and bones. (1 point) Calcium is essential for maintaining necessary level of bone mass to support structures of the body. The body uses calcium for heart, blood, muscles and nerves. It can†¦show more content†¦Vitamin D helps the absorption of calcium in the intestines. Lack of vitamin D can cause osteomalacia which further weakens the bones and increases risk of fractures. 3. Discuss calcium supplementation and the recommended daily dosages. (1 point) According to the Institute of Medicine, the recommended daily amount of calcium to get is: * 1-3 years: 700 milligrams daily * 4-8 years: 1,000 milligrams daily * 9-18 years: 1,300 milligrams daily * 19-50 years: 1,000 milligrams daily * 51-70 years: 1,200 milligrams daily for women; 1,000 milligrams daily for men * 71 and older: 1,200 milligrams daily 4. Discuss the effects of sodium, caffeine, and alcohol on calcium levels in the body. (1 point) Pay attention to foods that cause calcium loss through the urine. You lose calcium daily through the urine. While a certain amount is perfectly natural, there is evidence to suggest that calcium loss through the urine is increased by excess consumption of salt, caffeine and protein. Salt (Sodium) - in excess has been shown to increase the loss of calcium through the urine. Over 90% of sodium in our diets comes from manufactured food rather than from salt added to food at the table or during cooking. Caffeine - is contained in many beverages, including coffee, tea, cola and certain energy drinks. Recent studies show that caffeine increases calcium loss through the urine. Most experts agreeShow MoreRelatedCase Study 2 Bone Tissue Questions and Answers1686 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Module 04 Case Study: Bone Tissue Part I— â€Å"Marissa† Questions 1. Describe bone tissue and the role each component plays in bone physiology and remodeling. What is the difference between compact and spongy bone? (2 points) Bone tissue is composed of bone cells and extracellular matrix. It is continuously remodeling its extracellular matrix according to the stresses placed upon it. It has a lot of blood flow and it is supplied by the nervous system. The bone cells includes; Osteocytes, osteoblastsRead MoreBone Dissection Essay801 Words   |  4 Pagesup of cartilage and bone. Both bone and cartilage are connective tissues, that is, they are composed of cells in a matrix with intracellular fibers. Just imagine connective tissue as a gelatin salad with grapes and coconut. The grapes would represent cells, the gelatin the support material for matrix, and the pieces of coconut the intracellular fibers. By changing the amounts of each ingredient and adding extra substances, we can produce a material that is very hard like bone and can withstand weightRead MoreBone Tissue902 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study 8 Appendicular Skeleton Kelli Menard Summary: Nicole a 14 yr old sustained a fracture that was a compound, tibial-fibular fracture just below the knee. The x-ray showed there was a meniscal tear above the knee where the fracture was. Nicole stayed in the hospital for 14 days due to infection where the bone was through the skin. Once the infection subsided she was put into a cast. She was put in the cast for three month which then she was able to bear weight on her leg. Her leg healedRead MoreThe Efficacy Of The Decompressive Craniectomy986 Words   |  4 PagesDecrompressive Craniectomy The efficacy of the decompressive craniectomy is a topic of debate in today’s healthcare setting. While initial studies showed no significance in the procedure’s ability to save lives when compared to conservative treatment, more recent studies that take into account time after onset of injury and age of patient make a strong case for the necessity of the craniectomy. As research continues to develop, the decompressive craniectomy continues to gain more support as theRead MoreThe Musculoskeletal System : A Made Up Of The Muscular System And The Skeletal System1437 Words   |  6 PagesThe Axial skeleton are the bones that have formed the longitudinal axis of the body which is made up of the skull, the vertebral column and the thoracic cage (Taylor Cohen, 2013, p. 98). The Appendicular skeleton are the bones of limbs and griddles that are attached to the axial skeleton (Taylor Cohen, 2013, p. 103). The skeletal system is made up of bones and joints. Bones are a dry dense tissue that is composed of calcium phosphorous and organic matter. The bones are protected and covered byRead MoreIs Osteoporosis A Bone Disease?1695 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Osteoporosis is a bone disease that is most common in women than in men. To understand this disease is important for us to understand the structure, and the types functions which makeup all of our bones. The structure of a typical bone is as follows. Our body is composed of 206 bones which can be classified as long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. In this research we will be focusing in long bones, and irregular bones. An example of a long bone is our hips which is knownRead MoreEssay on Skeletal Case Study646 Words   |  3 PagesName: ___________________________________ Period: _____ Date: ___________ Case Study: Skeletal System Chief Complaint: 72-year-old woman who fell on her right hip. History: Margaret Donovan, a 72-year-old white female, was brought to the emergency room by her son-in-law after falling in her bathtub. She was previously in good health, despite leading a relatively sedentary lifestyle and having a 30-year history of cigarette smoking. The only medication she currently takes is Inderal (propranolol)Read MoreThe Effects Of Artificial And On Medical Field998 Words   |  4 Pagestheir body, in knee portion. Now, question comes what is medical textile? And, nevertheless, what is artificial ligament? Medical Textile:- A general term which is used for variety of application in medical sector in addition of implantable applications. Medical textile is known as healthcare textile. It is one of the most expanding sectors of technical textile.For medical healthcare products,medical textile ranges from gauze or bandage materials to scaffolds of tissue culturing and a large varietyRead MoreA Comprehensive Treatment Plan Based Off Diagnosis Of The Problems At Hand904 Words   |  4 PagesIncluded in appendix, are the clinical photos, radiographs, periodontal charts, study casts, and treatment plans. Scaling and Root Planning (SRP), prophylaxis, root canal therapy (RCT), post and core, porcelain fused metal crown, and night guard were the major treatments. While broken teeth and possible caries lesions will be watched to see if further intervention needed. Literature Review and Analysis The clinical question for this topic is: â€Å"What is the incidence of osteonecrosis following dentalRead More Miracles and Tragedies with Stem Cell Treatment Essay1165 Words   |  5 PagesMiracles and Tragedies with Stem Cell Treatment Abstract: This research paper will discuss about some life impacting cases from various sicknesses using stem cell treatments. It will cover a case in which have given people another chance to live a normal life. In one of the cases, the stem cell treatment has been able to cure a fatal genetic disease called RDEB for two young brothers. The second will show that after autologous stem cell transplantation a woman had died two days after. A stem

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Timeline of British Crime Films of the 20th Century Free Essays

British Crime Films Of The 20th Century 1910-1920 – WW1 (1914-1918), Depression, Unemployment, men out in France Fighting. 1911 – A Burglar For one Night (Bert Haldane) Silent Film Deals with unemployment (A problem at the time) A man fired from his job, turns to crime but is ‘rescued’ by his lover. Due to the war, the British crime film industry slowed down a little. We will write a custom essay sample on Timeline of British Crime Films of the 20th Century or any similar topic only for you Order Now People didn’t want to be reminded of the harshness of real life but wanted to be taken away from the war and real life therefore, crime films didn’t properly restart until the late 20’s thanks to Alfred Hitchcock. 920-1930 – The Great War had ended and things were looking better for Britain as unemployment and poverty decreased during the 20’s. 1927 – The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (Hitchcock) Silent the first true ‘ Hitchcock film’ About a man thought guilty by the police to be the killer of his sister amongst other beautiful women but is in fact innocent and is trying to kill the killer himself. A mob try an attack him thinking he’s the killer but the real killer is caught just in time for him to be spared. He and his lover live happily ever after. 1929 – Blackmail (Hitchcock) Thriller drama first truly British ‘talkie film’ but began as a silent film beautiful blonde accidentally kills rapist. A man knows she’s involved and blackmails her into telling the police. He gets blamed (due to his criminal record), chased and dies while she is left innocent. 1930-1940 – British crime film prospered and different formats of film became popular, especially the ‘private investigator’ film including the visualisation of the Sherlock Holmes Mysteries. 940-1950 – When WW2 was declared in 1939, instead of stopping altogether crime films adapted with films like, 1941 – Cottage to let (Asquith) A spy film Set in World War II Scotland, its plot concerns Nazi spies trying to kidnap an inventor. 1945 – Waterloo Road (Gilliat) An AWOL soldier returns to south London to save his wife from the advances of a philandering draft-dodger As the i mmediate post-war period attention focused on gangs that had evolved in the chaos of the urban home front. 1947 – Brighton Rock (Boulting) ilm noire This drama film centres on the activities of a gang of assorted criminals and, in particular, their leader A psychopathic young hoodlum known as â€Å"Pinkie† The film’s main thematic concern is the criminal underbelly evident in inter-war Brighton. 1947 – Hue and Cry (Charles Crichton) A vivid portrait of a London still showing the damage of World War II. London forms the backdrop of a crime-gangster plot which revolves around a working-class children’s street culture and children’s secret clubs. 950-1960 – focus shifted again in the 50’s where it looked at how youth crime was on the rise. 1953 – Cosh boy (Gilbert) 1960-1970 – as organised crime became a reality in Britain the crime film shifted on the activities of criminal gangs and also was starting to present the criminal of the film as a hero 1967 – Robbery ( Yates) follows a gang performing the ‘great train robbery’ The film follows their POV as the police try and hunt them down 1969 – The Italian Job (Collinson) gang of British thieves take on Europe in order to preserve British superiority and honour 1970-1990 – Organised crime films still retained their popularity until the late 90’s where focus began to shift again. Until then crime films focusing on gang crimes remained popular be it with different themes like prostitution, IRA and the Irish civil war or living in an urban lifestyle. 1971 – Get Carter (Hodges) 1980 – The long Good Friday (Mackenzie) 1986 – Mona Lisa (Jordan) 1990 – The Krays (Medak) 1996 – Small Faces (MacKinnon) Late 90’s – the ordinary ‘working-class’ criminal came back into focus shortly after this that addressed the victim-criminal and the career-criminal. 1996 – Trainspotting (Boyle) placed drugs as the main focus of the film showing how drugs inflict onto society how the victims of drugs need to commit crime to support their habit. Going into the 21st century British crime films still relate around current social problems like drugs, prostitution etc†¦ they have become more stylised, gritty and realistic. Less romantic which was focused on in the early 20th century and more focused on current issues happening in the world today and real people. How to cite Timeline of British Crime Films of the 20th Century, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

International Development

Question: Discuss about theInternational Development. Answer: Introduction: Development of the rural areas can be regarded as development of the economy as a whole including the socio-cultural and political development of the poorer section of the communities measured in terms of intake of food, better health, and participation of local government along with the process of decision making. In other words rural development is simply a strategy which is designed for the betterment of the social and economic life of a specific group of people that is the rural poor (Tuladhar et al., 2013). It incorporates extending the benefits of development to the poorer especially among those who are in search of a livelihood in the rural areas. The group includes small farmers, landless peoples and tenants. In the case of developing countries overall development is impossible without developing the rural areas where the residents constitutes the lions share of the total population (Bhandari, 2013). There have been a number of projects and initiatives undertaken by the gover nment and the nongovernment organization in pursuit of developing these areas. This will help to bridge the gap between the rural and urban areas, have and have not and men and women. A majority of the public interventions commenced in the past have not been able to boost up the economic growth of the rural areas. According to Paudel and de Araujo (2016), poor management of the public resource, not implementation of the better policies and the indifference of the local government has contributed largely to this failure. As result of this, the rural areas are still deprived from the basic amenities as well as infrastructure such as primary education, drinking water, health care and roads. However, no such actions have been taken in order to deal with these issues. The women population in Nepal constitutes nearly the half of the total population. However, the participation of women in the development activities is not satisfactory. If the administration can utilize the available women workforce effectively and efficiently it will certainly contribute in the process of rural development (Westendorp Visser, 2015). The traditional approaches for eradicating poverty as adopted by a number of developing countries focused exclusively on the income and the basic needs, and have failed to alleviate powerlessness and the negative attributes associated with it. On the contrary the approach of empowerment that stressed on enhancing the entitlement of individuals, capabilities and their rights of freedom is considered as most powerful pillar of human development among the four. It effectively reinforces the other three pillars of sustainability, equity and productivity (Westendorp Visser, 2015). It generates the necessary conditions that enable the poor to take advantage of the poverty alleviation opportunity. Therefore, it can also be said that the empowerment policy only becomes sustainable only when there is an environment where the policies as well as industrial reforms are successfully coupled with grass root initiatives for dealing with the social, economic and political empowerments simultaneous ly. Need for Women Empowerment: Nepal has made significant progress in the development process of increasing the standard of living of its residents since the past 50 years, specifically since the year 1990. However, still the human development of the country is in the lowest segments in the world. Peoples needs are still unfulfilled, institutions got weakened and the political conditions have not developed, leaving a large portion of the population outside the process of mainstream development (Sharma Shekhar, 2015). At this position empowerment of the people who are lagging far behind should be the main focus of the administration of the country. The process of empowerment turns growth pro-poor by extending the capabilities of human beings and improving the effective distribution of the productive assets. Presently in Nepal, poverty has been established as the single and most powerful issue in the process of development. According to the empirics provided by the government as well as the non-government institutions of Nepal, at least 25 percent of the total population in the country is living below the poverty line (Dalal et al., 2014). It has also been observed that the extent and influence of poverty is much greater in the rural areas when compared to that of in the urban areas. Recently the government and the other development agencies have united and focused on the need for launching a development project in order to develop the economic and sociopolitical condition of the women in Nepal. In order to provide an example the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) published in 2003 depicted social inclusion as an important objective as well as the third pillar of the PRSP, that is aimed at addressing the gender and caste based disparities by incorporating the poor and marginalized g roups into the process of mainstream development (Cunningham, 2014). In accordance with that various development processes have been designed and initiated to enhance the development. At present time, theoretically the system of decentralized governance, implementation approach and participatory planning have been widely accepted. However, these have not been implemented effectively in practice (Cunningham, 2014). Nepal is a very small country but its diversity is vast even in terms of the need of the people as well. Hence, there should be different types of development approaches, strategies and plans for different groups and areas. According to the human development report of Nepal, (NHDR) 2004, the empowerment index of the country is 0.337 and social empowerment index is 0.406 at the same time the political empowerment index is at 0.646. This low level of economic empowerment strictly indicates that the level of income is low and the accessibility to productive resources is limited and limited employment opportunities (Caeyers Fuller, 2015). Taking together all these it clearly limits the scope to expand and use the extended social and human capabilities. A high level of human empowerment eradicates the gap between economic and political empowerment, awareness raising and income generating activities are crucial for women who do not have access to productive asset and possess a very low level of bargaining power (Malapit et al., 2015). Therefore, it can be said that the prior objective of any development project should be to distinguish and promote the life giving forces of women with the help of social mobil ization, economic opportunities and education. In a country like Nepal, people who belong to the marginalized sectors such as women bear more burdens in comparison to others. Therefore women in the Nepalese society struggle hard in order to coexist. Since the year 1980 it has been realized that the women in Nepal are a vital contributor to the domestic economy as well as the nation. According to Ryan and Woods (2016), for a woman the access to resources, opportunities, skills and power always remain low. The case of literacy rate, the adult female literacy rate is about 23 percent which much lower than that of the adult male literacy rate which is 57 percent. According to Cunningham et al., (2013), in the context of Nepal there is a strong relationship between the level of input of women in the outskirt of the economy and the process of decision making. However, author disagreed with this statement, in the point of view of this study there is no such relationship between these two. The constitution of Nepal 1990 along with the Interim Constitution 2007, states non-discrimination and established equality as the fundamental rights of all the citizens of Nepal. In the declaration by the House of Representatives 2063 has stated that there must be a minimum of 33 percent participation of women in every sector of the economy (Kunz, 2013). However, since the last two decades women participation has been initiated but the outcome of the entire process remained at a significantly low level. Inclusion is considered as one of the four pillars of Nepals Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. In case of most of the community people particularly women are unaware about the process of development in the rural areas of Nepal. The participation level of women in the development process of the communities is significantly low. The disadvantaged and poor groups mainly hold the major portion of the population (Malapit et al., 2013). Because of the lower availability of economic opportunities the arte of per capita income is quite low taken together with weak consideration to major gender related issues (such as accessibility, availability, affordability, sustainability and security) exaggerated the social exclusion. According to Rao Kushwaha (2016), realizing the reality and lacuna it is quite evident that the social and practical factors that constraints the amalgamation of women in the process of main stream development are- (a) deficiency of ownership over the available resources, (b) constraints on participation in the activities outside houses, (c) low level of income, (d) deficiency of education and lower level of accessibility to the sources of knowledge and information and (e) deficiency of opportunities to get associated with the economic enterprises. Investigating properly the previous attempts made for development and the conclusions derived from the various studies conducted previously depicts that: Deficiency of education among women and the decision making process gives rise to inefficient results in the case of child nutrition, survival of the child and participation in school. Child wellbeing and maternal education ate strictly correlated. Violence associated with gender and domestic abuses are the most common forms of gender inequality in the domestic sector. Outside the residence the women recognize that they have much less ability to express their point of view and obtain support from the local authorities and the other service providing or development agencies in comparison with men (Mishra Sam, 2016). As in the case of most of households the household work is not considered as productive work. Although according to the empirics of Nepal Human Development Report (NHDR, 2004) the work pressure of Nepalese women is much higher than that of the global average (Bishop, 2013). Accessibility to the productive assets and services is a part of the empowerment process. The empowerment process and social inclusion are complementary to each other in promoting the equity and prosperity among all. Therefore, every process of development should consider the above stated facts and the problems as faced by the women. Patriarchy is suffused in the societal structure of Nepal and it is even observed in a number of guises and forms in between the different castes and ethnic groups. Given the traditional gender divisions of labor, women generally concentrate on their reproductive activities and responsibilities while on the other hand men concentrate on the income earning productive roles (Bishop, 2013). However, as per the Nepal Human Development Report the average work burden of women in Nepal is much higher than that of the global average. In the context of literacy and educational attainment women also lag far behind men. In the rural areas various forms of violence exists against women, the most important among them is the violence based out of superstition, for example anguishing for practicing black magic, sexual abuse, domestic violence, under age marriage and violence related to dowry system. It has also been observed that women have very limited access to productive resources and less contr ol over the resources which they have access. According to Guine (2014), more than 70 percent of women are self- employed or involved in non-paid or less paid informal sector activities. Many women are also sent to foreign lands by force. Therefore from the discussion above it is evident that woman empowerment in Nepal is essential for the development of economy as well as the society. Otherwise, it is not possible for the economy to get market as developed from developing. Women play a crucial role in the process of economic development and in structuring the society. Therefore women empowerment has become a necessity for the country as a whole. The Socioeconomic Impact of Women Empowerment: The economic as well as the social status of Nepalese women especially the women from rural areas lag far behind that of men. There has been a powerful bias in favor of a male child in the country. This means that there are discrimination against women from their birth and they are not provided with equal opportunities for development. The situation of women in Nepal can be distinguished as low level of access to education, healthcare facilities, social, political and economic opportunities (Nguyen et al., 2014). Despite the various attempts made by the government and the non-government organizations for improving the socioeconomic situation of the women in Nepal a very little improvement has been achieved. The empowerment framework of the development process helps the practitioners to effectively obtain the point of intervention in order to achieve higher level of equality as well as the empowerment of women. The empowerment approach focuses on independent decision making by the communities, direct democracy, and self-reliance along with the social learning. The starting point of the empowerment process should be at the grass root level (Nguyen et al., 2014). The most important goal of the empowerment process is to establish equality by transforming the system, structures and institutions where inequality was prevalent. In Nepal the process of women empowerment involved a number of dimensions that includes, higher access to economic opportunities and the productive resources, establishing the political power through the womens organizations, strengthening the economic, cultural and sociological activities of the women and boosting up the self-confidence of women (Sharma, 2016). The government of Nepal has implemented a number of strategies for the women empowerment process. After the 4th world conference based on women held in Beijing in the year 1995 the government of Nepal had established the Ministry of Women and Social Welfare (MWSW) in order to deal with issues associated with women. The MWSW is considered as the leading agency that is responsible for the advancement of women with the help of empowerment. The responsibilities and roles of this organization is to strengthen the advocacy, support and coordination among a number of womens groups in various ministries (Bhattarai, 2014). Three objectives have been set by the MWSW for the purpose of women empowerment. These objectives are mainstreaming the gender, eradicating the gender inequality and empowering the women along the line as proposed by the Platform of action in Beijing. At the same time there were non-governmental organizations (NGO) which were actively taking part in the process of empowerment. The number of these organizations was increasing with the passage of time. For example the Womens pressure group that comprised of 84 NGOs of different categories. There were other networks formed by these NGOs which were focusing on specific issues such as HIV/AIDS, media as well as women trafficking. In order to provide an example of NGO working for women empowerment in Nepal is Womens Foundation (WF) of Nepal. This organization works for strengthening the legal framework for women and increasing the involvement of women into politics (Bhattarai, 2014). For raising awareness among women seminars and workshops are arranged by the WF. Although the number of NGOs are increasing in Nepal but most of them are urban based and are less effective in affecting the life of rural women for their empowerment initiatives. Therefore, the socioeconomic impact of women em power can clearly be spotted from the discussion above. Initially the situation was worse however, with the tireless effort of government as well as the non-government organizations it has improved a little bit and it can be expected that it will improve further also (Nguyen et al., 2014). For that the government and non-government organizations should focus on strengthening their strategic framework. Conclusion: In order to conclude, it can be said that the study has successfully covered the issues like why women empowerment is necessary in a country like Nepal and what are the socioeconomic impact of women empowerment in Nepal. There are various problems regarding the economic growth and development in the country and it has been observed that in order to put the country in a steady path of development and growth the contribution of women cannot be neglected. The women population of Nepal contributes to the half of the total population; therefore if the available women workforce is used effectively in Nepal it will evidently yield fruitful outcomes. Now in the case of socioeconomic aspects of women empowerment it is observed there have been a number of attempts made by the government of Nepal for empowering the women. At the same time a number of non-governmental organizations are trying raising awareness among women and enabling them with the proper requirements to participate in the workf orce. However, there has been a little improvement that is spotted up till now. However, it can be expected that the situation of women empowerment in Nepal will improve in near future as the government as well as the non-government organizations are trying to improve the scenario with their full efforts. Reference List: Bhandari, B. (2013). Maoist Women and Womens Empowerment in Nepal. Bhattarai, A. K. (2014). How rural women experience disempowered in Nepal: an empirical study on women experience as the main obstacles to their disempowerment in their everyday lives. Bishop, D. (2013). Effectiveness Review: Climate Change Adaptation and Advocacy Project, Nepal. Caeyers, B., Fuller, R. (2015). Women's Empowerment in Rwanda: Evaluation of women's economic leadership through horticulture planting material business. Cunningham, K. (2014).Maternal empowerment, childcare practices, and child nutrition in rural Nepal: examining the pathways(Doctoral dissertation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London)). Cunningham, K., Ferguson, E., Uauy, R., Menon, P., Ploubidis, G., Kadiyala, S., ... Shankar, B. (2013, January). STUNTING AMONG CHILDREN UNDER TWO IN RURAL NEPAL: THE ROLE OF WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN AGRICULURE. InANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM(Vol. 63, pp. 189-190). ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND: KARGER. Dahal, S. (2013, October). Power, empowerment and community radio: Media by and for women in Nepal. InWomen's Studies International Forum(Vol. 40, pp. 44-55). Pergamon. Dalal, K., Wang, S., Svanstrm, L. (2014). Intimate partner violence against women in Nepal: an analysis through individual, empowerment, family and societal level factors.Journal of research in health sciences,14(4), 251-257. Guine, N. (2014). Empowering women through education: Experiences from Dalit women in Nepal.International Journal of Educational Development,39, 173-180. Kunz, R. (2013). Esther Hertzog. Patrons of Women: Literacy Projects and Gender Development in Rural Nepal.International Feminist Journal of Politics,15(3), 436-438. Malapit, H. J. L., Kadiyala, S., Quisumbing, A. R., Cunningham, K., Tyagi, P. (2015). Womens empowerment mitigates the negative effects of low production diversity on maternal and child nutrition in Nepal.The Journal of Development Studies,51(8), 1097-1123. Malapit, H. J., Kadiyala, S., Quisumbing, A. R., Cunningham, K., Tyagi, P. (2013). Women's Empowerment in Agriculture, Production Diversity, and Nutrition: Evidence from Nepal. Mishra, K., Sam, A. G. (2016). Does Womens Land Ownership Promote Their Empowerment? Empirical Evidence from Nepal.World Development,78, 360-371. Nguyen, K. H., Hoang, V. N., Nguyen, K. T. B. (2014). Are empowered women more likely to deliver in facilities? An explorative study using the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2011.International Journal of Maternal and Child Health,2(2), 74-85. Paudel, J., de Araujo, P. (2016). Demographic responses to a political transformation: Evidence of womens empowerment from Nepal.Journal of Comparative Economics. Rao, S., Kushwaha, S. (2016). Role of Income Generation Programme in Women Empowerment.SMS Journal of Enterpreneurship Innovation,2(2). Ryan, R., Woods, R. (2016). Womens Political Empowerment: Lessons for Subnational Levels of Government: Nepal, Pakistan, Rwanda, and Indonesia.Handbook of Research on Subnational Governance and Development. Sharma, B., Shekhar, C. (2015). Association of Women Empowerment with Inter-Spousal Communication on RCH Matters In Selected South Asian Countries.International Journal of Social Sciences and Management,2(3), 197-213. Sharma, P. R. (2016). Mainstreaming Micro-Insurance Schemes: Role of Insurance Companies in Nepal.Economic Literature,11, 40-46. Tuladhar, S., Khanal, K. R., Lila, K. C., Ghimire, P. K., Onta, K. (2013). Womens empowerment and spousal violence in relation to health outcomes in Nepal: Further analysis of the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Westendorp, A., Visser, L. (2015). Farmer Field Schools: Unexpected Outcomes of Gendered Empowerment in Wartime Nepal.Journal of Asian Development,1(1), 1-22.

Friday, November 29, 2019

IQ Testing Essays - Intelligence, Psychometrics,

IQ Testing Many times in our society intelligence is judged by test scores, careers, and success. Although these methods of measuring intelligence are not always accurate they are still used. IQ tests are given to people and the scores on these tests are supposed to reflect the level of intelligence a person has. What makes these tests so accurate? What about intelligent people who do not take tests well? They may become nervous and may not work well under pressure. I believe there are many forms of intelligence, some more important than others are. A person may be very smart but when it comes to subjects like math and science, but when it comes to English and writing they may not know much about it. Also, some people may not do very well in school but can fix almost anything that you put in front of them. Often times those who are smart in school subject lack the common sense needed to survive outside of work or school although that is not always the case. Others who may very intelligent when it comes to common sense and making the right decision on the street lack the wisdom need in school or work. This is a critical part of survival and I believe common sense is needed just as much as anything else. There are those people who are naturally smart, who grasp concepts well, and do not need to study much at all to do well. There are others who need to work hard to do well. They need to study and concepts do not come as easily to them as others. Are they not considered intelligent because of this? Also many people may be very intelligent yet they are either lazy or uninterested, therefore their natural mental ability never is shown. Many cultures have their own opinion of intelligence. If you are born and brought up as an Indian, to them intelligence comes with age and strength. If you can hunt well and survive on you own then you are considered intelligent, you are not given a written test and judged buy the scores. Many other cultures also have their own definition of intelligence too. Social status also has a very big impact on people perspective of your intelligence. Upper to middle class people not only have a better chance of getting a good education, but are thought of as more intelligent because they have money. Lower-middle to lower class people do not have all the opportunities that the others do and are also perceived as unintelligent because of their lack of money and those opportunities. Judging people on their level of intelligence, mental ability, and level of success through tests and careers gives you a very poor judge of character. I do not agree that intelligence can be measured at all. To me it is not only how smart you are, but also your attitude, who you are as a person, and the decisions you make in life. Your intelligence should not only be graded through a test but rather on how you live your life.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Religious Studies Research Paper Topics and Ideas

Religious Studies Research Paper Topics and Ideas The sphere of religious studies is quite a complicated issue because the student has to be deeply involved in the topic and understand all interconnections in a separate set of views. In general, a religious studies research paper can be aimed at the investigation of a particular religion and controversial issues connected with it. In such papers, it is important to pay attention to the main postulates and concepts of the specific religion to be accurate in statements and ideas. Writing the research paper, try to avoid subjective opinions, be logical and rational in structuring the paper. The main aim of such work is to explain the topic completely and provide a clear explanation of the analyzed issue. Choosing the topic for the religious research paper can become quite a controversial process due to the variety of themes and to student’s sphere of interest. Topics Ideas for Religious Studies Research Paper 1. Impact of Greek Myths on the Formation of European Religion This topic should include an accurate analysis of several Greek myths that made the most significant impact on the formation of religion and culture in Greece. Among the myths to explore can be Heracles and the Heracleidae myth, the story about Argonauts, myths about the mountain Olympus, and myth about Prometheus. The second part of the research paper should be concentrated on the modern attitude of people in Europe to myths and its impact on the development of religion and culture in the region. 2. Interconnection Between Science and World Religions Interdependence between the scientific and religious world was also an issue of interest due to its controversy. If you choose this topic for the research paper, pay attention to the historical development of interrelation between these two spheres of human life. Analyze also the attitude of a church to science and all notorious periods of conflicts between representatives of both spheres. 3. The Phenomenon of the Theocratic States in the Modern World There are seven theocratic countries including Afghanistan, Iran, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Vatican City, and Yemen among all countries of the world. These countries have a special political and social order that is caused by the determining role of religion. The research paper can analyze the development of such states, the efficiency of their authorities, their place in the international community, and the religion that is followed by its citizens. 4. The Development of Christianity This topic is connected with the formation and establishment of Christianity as a world religion. The issue is important and interesting to explore due to the role of Christianity in the modern world. The research paper should include information about the establishment of the religion, analysis of its main concepts and images, history of the religion and periods of its strength and weakness. Besides, it is possible to compare Christianity with other world religions to find similarities and differences. 5. The Development of Islam Islam is one of the largest world religion that has numerous followers. This religion is interesting to explore due to its special ideas that differ from all other religions. Besides, in the modernity, Islam is considered quite controversial due to the establishment of communities with fundamental Islamic views. The research paper should include all these aspects starting from the history of its creation and the development of the religion in general. 6. The Development of Buddhism This topic is interesting because Buddhism is one of the world’s religions that has numerous followers. Buddhism is a unique worldview that is based on the nature of human and balance of the human spirit. In the course of the essay, it is important to pay attention to the history of the religious development, its establishment, main images of the religion, and core concepts of Buddhism. Besides, it is interesting to analyze the attitude of Buddhists to nature, human, sins, and the sense of people’s lives. 7. The Role of Women in Islam The topic related to women and Islam is studied by various experts because it is quite controversial and special. The problem can be explored from historical and ideological points of view. It is important to take into account the diversity of approaches to the positions of women in Islam. The student can also compare traditional and fundamentalist approaches to the treatment of women and how these ideas are interconnected. 8. Religion in People’s Daily Life Modern people differently accept religion in their daily life and live in accordance with a defined set of ideas and beliefs. This topic is interesting to explore because modern society is divided into communities that follow particular religions and communities that do not follow religious worldviews. Besides, acceptance of religions often depends on the location, where people live, and it is interesting to establish interconnections between the territory and the specifications of certain religions. 9. Modern Interdependence Between Religions and Laws The research on this topic should explain how religions influenced the formation of laws in different countries of the world. It is important to consider various religions including Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. Additional attention should be paid to the influence of Islam on the creation of national legislation system in countries of the Middle East. Research on this topic will introduce various legislation systems and their interconnections with religions. 10. Systems of Animalism and Totemism Animalism and totemism originally come from ancient times. This topic is important and thought-provoking because it represents the attitude of people to nature and various objects. The religious research on the stated topic will represent animalism and totemism as religious systems. Main concepts and ideas people were taking into account following such world views should be appropriately considered. Additionally, the research can also include an explanation of how animalism and totemism influenced modern religions. 11. The Idea of Soul in Various Religions The soul is one of the central concepts in different religions. However, it is perceived differently by various worldviews including not only the biggest religions but also Judaism and Confucianism. The research paper should comprise an explanation of the concept by different religions and comparison of these ideas. Additionally, it is possible to consider how the concept of the soul defines human lifestyles in different countries of the world. 12. Influence of Hinduism on the Formation of Culture in India As separate concepts, religion and culture are closely interconnected. In fact, religion influences the formation of the country’s culture, and India is an example of such a state. In fact, the culture of this country is a system of unique traditions, customs, ideas, and beliefs. The culture of India is quite special because the country has one of the biggest populations in the world. The research about Hinduism should be connected with the history of Indian culture and of the religion with the definition of religion’s influence on the culture. 13. The Position of Atheism in the Modern World Among modern communities, atheism is a popular phenomenon due to a set of various factors. Specifically, atheism is connected with disbelieving in the existence of God or gods. This topic is interesting to explore because of the popularity of such belief. It is interesting to compare atheism with religion to understand how atheists perceive all natural concepts and processes. The research paper can include a definition of the issue, an explanation of all its concepts, and an exploration of the future development of the situation with atheism. 14. The Development of Confucianism There is a perception that Confucianism is a system of social and ethical norms rather than a complete religion. Confucianism is specific due to its understanding of nature and a human as a part of nature. Confucianism is followed by less amount of people, and it is interesting to compare it with other religions. 15. Religion and Evolution These two concepts are quite controversial because of historical conflicts between followers of different views of evolution. This research topic should include information about the interconnection between these two issues, main conflicts, and followers of various approaches to the process of evolution. 16. Religious Education The aspect of religious education is interesting to explore because of its controversial character in connection with religious freedom. The research paper should explain the idea of religious education and describe the situation with such education in different countries. 17. Religion at a Workplace This topic is connected mainly with aspects of discrimination at a workplace regarding the religion of the employee. The religious research should be based on cases of discrimination and an explanation of normal attitude to religion at a workplace. 18. Creationism Exploration of this topic should be based on literature such as â€Å"Creationism and Its Critics in Antiquity† by David Sedley. The research paper should include an explanation of the topic and attitude to the idea in the course of history. 19. Fear in Religions The majority of religions talk about the fear and attitude toward God or gods. Such aspects as an interpretation of fear by various religions and challenges connected with the understanding of fear by religion followers can become a part of the religion research paper. 20. African American Religions The topic is interesting to explore because it allows defining specific features of the religious life of African Americans. The research paper can include statistical data about African American religions and represent the roots of such organization of their lives. Conclusion Various religion research essay topics are connected with specific aspects of particular religions. Writing a religion research essay, it is important to pay attention to history, main concepts, believes, and followers of the religion. Feel free to either extend or narrow the topics in accordance with your interests or the task of a professor.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

The Grocery-Store Purchase Situation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Grocery-Store Purchase Situation - Essay Example First, she recognizes either a problem or an opportunity. Perhaps she is checking the stocks of grocery items that she plans to buy and finds out that she is running out of food for her pet. There she recognizes the problem, where the decision-making for the purchase of pet food starts. Â  Depending on her level of involvement in choosing the brand of pet food, as well as the perceived risk of the decision outcome will determine how she would deal with the problem. If she is not actively involved in searching for information to solve her problem, this is what is more likely to happen: perhaps she would first look into the evoked set, those brands which she knows well and is choices for her to meet this problem. In any way, her decision would only be based on a small set of brands that she knows, aside from her loyalty brand for she is not actively involved in searching for information to solve her problem. Â  Perhaps, it has been the custom for her to buy a certain brand of pet food, and she sees that her pet is very satisfied with it—so she just buys another pack of that brand. Since the brand meets her expectation, she continues to buy it and writes it down on her shopping list. She has just taken the ‘habitual path’ of brand decision-making in this case, as the purchase decision is out of habit. Â  There are other instances where this kind of decision-making varies.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Exercise assignments Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Exercise assignments - Coursework Example All the three factors when combined give freedom to an individual and people start valuing their life. 2. I agree that without denying Individual freedom, unity and order in a moral system is a big problem. Once an Individual is given full freedom, the Individual does not realize his actions towards others. His act of freedom might hurt others which in turn causes dispute among individuals. Hence freedom of individuals has to be denied in order to attain unity in a moral system. 8. I use all the principles in my day to day life. I try to have my own freedom when required and that freedom is within my limits. I always try to value my life and make sure that I am good to others. Along with enjoying my regular activities, I also believe in being fair to the people and to the society around you. There have been times when I could not be good to people but I have always tried my best in being good to the people around

Monday, November 18, 2019

Electrical Rotary Actuators Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Electrical Rotary Actuators - Essay Example Actuators are devices used for driving various types of objects to obtain a desired amount of displacement. This displacement may be of a linear or rotary nature. The driving force of an actuator may be generated by either an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic input. The rotary actuators discussed here, are concerned with applications where a rotary displacement with a desired angle of rotation is required, and use electrical energy to generate the driving force. Construction: The basic components of an electric rotary actuator are a motor and a reduction gearbox mechanism. Electric rotary actuators drive components rotationally via electromagnetic power from a motor. The reduction gear translates the speed and torque of the motor to the required scale. Suitable damping and spring return mechanisms are also built in. The rotational element can either be a shaft or a table. Circular shafts often include keyways, while tables provide a bolting pattern to mount other components. They usually provide control and indexing capabilities to allow multiple position stops along strokes. Other auxiliary components include return springs, seals, limit switches for both ends of rotation span, etc. A simple rotary actuator model using a DC motor is considered for the study and analysis of the device. The DC motor directly provides a rotary motion. For practical application, this rotary displacement is transmitted into suitable transitional motion by attaching an output coupling mechanism, consisting of wheels or drums and cables. The figure 1 shows the electrical circuit of the armature, and the free body diagram of the rotor of the DC motor.Electrical circuit of Armature Free body diagram of rotor Figure 1. In the electrical circuit of the armature, the resistance of the armature coil is represented by R in ohms, and the inductance is presented by L in henrys. The input source is shown as a voltage V. The back EMF produced, is shown as a voltage source, which opposes the input source. For the rotor free body diagram, the torque developed is T and rotation angle is . The effect of the moment of inertia of the rotor and damping method employed is also taken into the account. The damping is provided to avoid large overshoots of the rotational displacement. For the purpose of sample study, the following values of other parameters are initially assumed as: 1. Moment of Inertia of the rotor, ( J ) = 3.2284E-6 kg m^2 / s^2. 2. Damping ratio of the mechanical system, ( b ) = 3.5077E-6 Nms 3.

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Final Group Project Outline

Final Group Project Outline Final Group Project Outline Overview Working in groups of no more than four (4) students initially, your task is to research any industry and describe the top 3-5 competitors in that field. You should compare their marketing strategies and how they relate to each other. Your team will prepare a report and a class presentation that describes the key aspects of the companies and the industry in which they operate. You are required to work in teams of four (4); however a group may fire a team member if all are in agreement that the firing is warranted. That team member must then join another team. Students who work individually will receive a lowered grade for the project unless individual work is approved by Professor in advance. Format of Paper 1. 10-12 typed pages, double-spaced in Times New Roman 12 point font. 1† margins on all sides 2. Visual materials do not count as a part of the 10-12 pages 3. Use the most current information available 4. Late or handwritten papers will not be accepted. Papers will be accepted before the deadline. 5. Use the MLA Style of documentation throughout. 6. An electronic copy (MS Word) of your paper must be submitted in addition to hard copy. Writing Advice Plagiarism will result in a grade of zero for the project and possible disciplinary action. There is no need to restate the questions above just answer them 3. Dont describe each of their products mention product lines major categories. 4. Dont editorialize. Back up everything with facts. Your opinion, while very important to me, is not appropriate in this type of writing assignment. 5. Dont assume that â€Å"most people know† or â€Å"as everyone knows† Be explicit and cite your sources. 6. Avoid a conversational tone. Write as if you are submitting the paper for review in a magazine or journal. 7. Avoid the use of the first person. (I, me, we, us, etc.) 8. Do not hand in photocopied content. Your words are most important. 9. Cite appropriately or you will be penalized. 10. Use page numbers 11. Pay attention to formatting in all drafts font size, typeface, bold, etc. Make it uniform. 12. Use bullets where necessary use tables when presenting numerical or comparative data 13. Use section headings as shown in the outline above. 14. Be mindful of words like dominate, win, conquer, etc. 15. Do not get too granular; talk about the company and its strategy, not the warrantees on dishwashers, etc. This is an analysis of a company, not a product or product line. The structure of your paper should explicitly follow the outline below Outline I. Executive summary (1 page) To be written last it should include parts of each of the sections below. II. The Industry (1-2 pages) Briefly describe the industry in which the company operates. Who are the main competitors? What is the current state of the industry? Is this company a top player in the marketplace? If so, how do they differentiate themselves? III. The Companies (4-6 pages) Company 1 Address each of the four Ps (Price, Product, Place, and Promotion) Briefly describe their major product/service lines but do not describe individual products unless they only have one or two of them. What is their competitive marketing strategy? What is the overall image of the company in your opinion? How does this fir with the image they are trying to project? Global/international marketing issues -are there any? What do they do overseas? Other are there any other important facts that should be mentioned? Company 2 Address each of the four Ps (Price, Product, Place, and Promotion) Briefly describe their major product/service lines but do not describe individual products unless they only have one or two of them. What is their competitive marketing strategy? What is the overall image of the company in your opinion? How does this fir with the image they are trying to project? Global/international marketing issues -are there any? What do they do overseas? Other are there any other important facts that should be mentioned? IV. Social Responsibility (1-2 pages) Describe the companys social responsibility program or policy if they have one. Are there any significant current or past ethical issues as it relates to marketing? Is this firm both socially responsible and ethical in your opinion? Why or why not? V. Conclusion  © Richard Hyland 2009 Final Group Project 1-5-10

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

War in Iraq Essay -- Operation Iraqi Freedom

The war against Iraq began on March 20, 2002, when the U.S lunched â€Å"Operation Iraqi Freedom†. This was after President Bush called Iraq part of an â€Å"axis of evil†, also calling the country dangerous which is threatening U.S with the world’s most destructive weapons. The major phase of the war began when U.S troops marched within 50 miles of Baghdad with heavy aerial attacks on Baghdad and other cities. After the attack on the Twin Towers and the Pentagon which was believed to be the work of Al Qaeda, U.S was concerned about the security of the Untied States which lead to the war in Iraq. Even though U.S officials felt the war in Iraq is the main priority, but many people in U.S opposes the war which brings up a lot of controversial issues. Some people feel that lives of troops are put on risk for unnecessary reason, and people are also concerned about the innocent civilians getting killed in Iraq. Also billions of tax payer’s dollars are spent on the war which could be used for other major issues within our country such as poverty, education and security. I feel that declaring war with Iraq was unnecessary and that there are many other ways to resolve this conflict. As the war progressed many people were questioning President Bush’s decision to declare war in Iraq because U.S intelligence believes Iraq has weapons of mass distraction, I never agreed with the decision, and I always felt that the money and the effort should be used to catch Osama Bin Laden, who was the man, ...

Monday, November 11, 2019

Asses the view, that working class children underachieve because they are culturally deprived Essay

Middle class children have a higher tendency of achieving more than pupils of the working class. A few explanations pay attention on the external factors outside school. This includes cultural deprivation – working class pupils are portrayed as having a lack of correct attitude, values, language and knowledge for educational success. Whilst material deprivation means that working class pupils are most likely to have poorer diets, health and housing and their parents are less able to meet the hidden costs of schooling. The middle class have mote cultural capital – they have a better advantage of their choices within the marketised education system. There are three main aspects to cultural deprivation. The first is intellectual development; theorists argue that many working class homes lack things such as books, educational toys and activities which would help to stimulate intellectual development. Douglas (1964) found that pupils of the working class scored lower on a test of ability than those of the middle class. He argued that because working class parents are likely to be less supportive of their child’s intellectual development this has an impact on them. This could then lead to underachievement as it would mean the child is always behind. Secondly, Bernstein (1975) looked at the difference in language between working class and middle class students. He identified that language can be categorised into two types of speech codes. This highlights the differences between both the working and middle class. The restricted code was typically used by those of the working class. It consisted of a limited vocabulary and is based on use of short, often unfinished, grammatically simple sentences. Their speech is predictable and sometimes consists of single words and hand gestures. The restricted code is context bound so the speaker makes the assumption that the listener shares the same set of experiences. Then there was the elaborated code which is most commonly used by those of the middle class. Vocabulary is a lot more varied and is based on more grammatically complex sentences; speech is more varied and communicates abstract ideas. It is also context free: so the speaker doesn’t assume that the listener shares the same experiences as them, allowing the use of a more descriptive language. This would lead to under achievement  because the language used in schools and in test papers tend to be in the elaborate code as it is seen as the ‘correct’ way of speaking and communication, so therefore middle class people are again at an advantage. Finally, attitudes and values, Hyman (1967) argued that values and beliefs of the lower class show a ‘self-imposed barrier’ to educational and career success. Hyman outlined between working-class and middle-class value systems Members of the working class place a lower value on education. They place less emphasis on formal education as a means to personal achievement, and they see less value in continuing school beyond the minimum leaving age. Members of the working-class place a lower value on achieving higher occupational status, In evaluating jobs, they emphasize ‘stability, security and immediate economic benefits’ and tend to reject the risks and investments involved in aiming for high-risks occupations. Job horizons tend, therefore, to be limited to a ‘good trade’. Compared to their middle-class counterparts, members of the working-class believe there is less opportunity for personal advancement. This belief is probably the basis for the lower value placed on education and high occupational status. Whilst Sugarman (1970) similarly argued that working class subculture has four key elements that create this barrier to educational achievement: Collectivism involves loyalty to the group rather than to emphasis on individual achievement which the school system demands. Immediate gratification emphasizes the enjoyment of pleasures of the moment, rather than sacrifices for future rewards, Will also tend to encourage early school-leaving for the more immediate reward of a wage packet, adult status and freedom from the disciplines of school. Fatalism involves an acceptance of the situation rather than efforts to improve it; it will not encourage high achievement in the classroom. Present-time orientation may further reduce the motivation for academic achievement, whereas an emphasis on long-term goals and future planning can encourage pupils to remain longer in full-time education by providing a purpose for their stay. Cultural deprivation theorists argue that parents pass on values of their class onto their children. Values of middle class will equip children for success, whilst working class values fail to do so. However Keddie (1973) describes cultural deprivation as a myth and sees it as  a victim blaming explanation. She believes that having a culturally deprived background can’t be blamed as the reason that certain pupils fail in school. She argues that there is no cultural deprivation but cultural differences; failure is due to the disadvantages that are pursued by an education system dominated by middle class values. She believes that schools should recognise and build on strengths, and also challenge teachers’ anti working class prejudices. Under achievement can also be subjected to material deprivation. This can also be classed as poverty. It is a lack of basic necessities such as adequate diet, housing, clothing or the money to buy these things. Material deprivation theory explains working class under achievement as the result of the lack of such resources. Unlike cultural deprivation theorists, who blame educational failure on the inadequacy of working class subculture, many other sociologists see material deprivation as the main cause of under achievement. Poverty is closely linked to educational under-achievement. Although external factors, such as cultural deprivation, material deprivation and cultural capital can play an important part as to why there is class difference in regards to achievement, there are also internal factors that can be put to blame. To label someone is to attach a meaning or definition to someone. Studies show that teachers often label pupils regardless of ability or attitude, by basing labels on stereo-typed assumptions about their class background, labelling working class pupils negatively and working class pupils positively. This can restrict pupils from achievement as it means teachers will refrain from giving pupils they have labelled negatively from getting the support they need, meaning they do badly at school. The self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that comes true simply by virtue of it having been made. Integrationists argue that labelling can affect a pupils achievement by creating a self-fulfilling prophecy. When a teacher labels a pupil, they make predictions about their abilities for example, ‘this child will do well’ – The child then gets treated in accordance to this prediction, the pupil then internalises the teacher’s expectations which becomes part of its self-image. This makes the child become the kind  of pupil the teacher perceived them to be. (e.g. if a child is labelled positively, the child will then gain more confidence and try harder with their work, thus leading them to success). This prevents children from having the potential to do well, rather than working hard to allow them to do their best they allow their teachers opinion of them to hold them back. Marketisation is the final internal factor that portrays class differences of achievement. Schools operate on a wide education system, whose policies affect class differences in achievement. Such policies include marketisation and selection. Marketisation brought in – a funding formula that gives the school equal funding for each pupil, exam league tables which rank each school according to its exam performance and make no allowance for the level of ability of its pupils, and competition among schools to attract pupils. Marketisation explains why schools are under pressure to do well. Some schools respond to marketisation by creating a traditional image to attract middle class parents – this has re-in forced class divisions. Schools have to spend more money on marketing themselves to parents, often at the expense of spending funds on special needs or other important areas. Overall I think it is clear that cultural deprivation plays a huge part in regard to underachievement. Pupils lack help both at home, and at school, meaning they have less chance at doing well. Internal and external factors both work alongside each other – putting middle class pupils at an advantage in contrast to working class pupils.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

buy custom Groupware essay

buy custom Groupware essay Groupware refers to a category of software designed with a purpose of aiding groups to collectively work together through facilitating the exchange of information among the members in the group who are either located or not located in the same work environment. Even though groupware can be used in sharing of information in an entire organization for workers collaborating on the same project, the same can be extended to suppliers, clients and other users who are located outside the organization. The use of Groupware is therefore a vital mechanism which can be used in sharing information that is less structured like for instance diagrams or texts. Technological advances in the contemporary world have greatly increased the functionality in the workplace of groupware solutions. Companies all over the world have thus continually viewed groupware as being ultimate solutions for competitive necessity. In order to achieve success in the planning and implementation of a groupware installation in any given organization, then such an organization is required to define its communication goals basing on corporate strategy and full support from all areas of management. This is because groupware is about people, whether be it in organizations, teams or whole enterprises. Groupware therefore aims at searching for better approaches which can be used in supporting work in group environments. Some key examples of groupware in an organization include among others; videoconferencing, desktop conferencing, electronic mail, meeting support systems, workflow systems among others (Holmes, 2006). In order for groupware to become effective in any given organization, then several conditions have to be met to ensure that it becomes an effective medium of communication in an organization. Some of the components or conditions that will ensure the success of Groupware packages in any given organization include and are not limited to Calendaring and scheduling, availability of client software, reference libraries, Email, discussion debates, e.t.c. Groupware software is normally classified as either being Server or Client. Buy custom Groupware essay

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

The First and Greatest Commandment

The First and Greatest Commandment Free Online Research Papers The Bible is the sacred text of all Christians. Although there are differences between the bibles of some Christian denominations, essentially all Bibles are divided into two parts – the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament gives the history of the Israelites, God’s chosen people. It is filled with myths, stories of love and hate, peace and war, adultery, murder, victory and loss. It also includes stories of Prophets, messengers of God, who came to remind the people of how God expected them to act, but more importantly to foretell the coming of a Messiah who would be a savior to the people. After years of compilation these stories and messages of prophets now make up the Old Testament. The New Testament is the story of the growth of Christianity, and the coming of the long awaited Messiah. This covers the time shortly before this coming, the birth of the Messiah, Jesus of Nazareth, as well as his life and the lessons he taught during his time on earth. The New Testament also recounts his death, resurrection, and ascension into heaven. The rest of the New Testament tells how his followers dealt with his absence, how they carried on his work and spread his message, and waited for the promised â€Å"Second Coming† of the Lord. The New Testament begins with four books called Gospels, which means â€Å"Good News†. They are (in order as in the bible): Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John . Although all four gospels recount events of Jesus’ life, the Gospel according to Mark is unique among these four. It is the shortest of all four gospels; however, one of its most important features is that (according to the Two-Source Hypothesis) it is thought that the gospels of Matthew and Luke took much of their information from Mark (as well as another hypothetical source â€Å"Q†). There are large sections from these two gospels that are word-for-word exactly as the same as sections are in Mark. This is significant because Mark was believed to be written first, therefore, it is considered to be a â€Å"cornerstone† for which the other gospels were built. Although the book does not officially have an assigned author, and it if officially labeled the â€Å"Gospel According to Mark†, the author is traditionally thought to be John Mark, a follower of Jesus some time after Jesus’ death and resurrection (most likely between A.D. 55 and 70, since this is the date that the book is thought to be written). John Mark traveled with Jesus’ apostles Peter as well as worked by his side in Rome. It is because of John Mark’s relationship with the apostle Peter that the gospel of Mark is categorized as having apostolic origins, meaning that it was written by either an apostle of Jesus or someone who had a close connection with an apostle. John Mark is also mentioned in some of Paul’s epistles, because he traveled with Paul and Barnabas (who was his cousin). Because of his close relationship with these influential figures in Christian history, particularly Peter the apostle, it is no wonder that the gospel of Mark is a narrative, and even a lot like a biography of Jesus, recounting very detailed events of his life and exact lessons that he t aught. While working with Peter he must have been privy to all kinds of stories of the man whom he was so devoted to and for whom he and all other Christians sacrificed so much. He, of course, also heard many stories of Jesus’ teachings, which he and other apostles, disciples, and missionaries were teaching others. One of those stories of Jesus’ message, recounted in the Gospel According to Mark, 12: 28-34, is commonly referred to as â€Å"The First Commandment and Greatest Commandment†. In this narrative gospel of Mark, Jesus is preaching when a scribe ventured to ask him which was commandment was the first, or in other words, which one was most important to follow. His response to â€Å"love the Lord with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength† (Mk. 12:30) and to â€Å"love your neighbor as yourself† (Mk. 12:31) is what this passage centers around. At hearing Jesus’ response, the scribe who initially questioned him responded by stating that he knew these things were important above all other things, particularly, â€Å"burnt offerings and sacrifices required by the law† (Mk. 12:33). The importance that Jesus sees in understanding and abiding by these commandments is emphasized by the author, John Mark, by writing that when Jesus saw that the scribe understood he told him, â€Å"You are not far from the kingdom of God†. The location of this passage in the Bible is not surprising because it is surrounded by passages (particularly in chapters 11 and 12) which are similar in that Jesus’ authority to teach and beliefs are being challenged by the authority figures in the Jewish faith, particularly those who run the Jewish Temple. It is important to notice that Jesus answered by stating not one, but two commandments, that had been given to Moses and the Israelites many years ago – found in Deuteronomy 6:5, as well as in Leviticus 19:18. These passages are in not only what Christians refer to as the Old Testament, but are in the Torah (the sacred scripture of the Jewish faith), which Jesus would have been very familiar with as a practicing Jew. Equally important, is the fact that these passages are based on the core idea of love. As a result of these two details which cannot be overlooked, I think that the message of â€Å"The First and Greatest Commandment† is to establish Jesu s as the new lawgiver with the message to love God and to love others. We must know and understand these commandments, as well as apply them to our lives, and it is when we are able to do these things, that we may fully enter into the kingdom of God. When reflecting on Jesus’ answer to the scribe, one must notice that Jesus states two passages from the Old Testament. This may seem insignificant; however, it is highly significant. Also notice that in the surrounding passages, as well as in the gospels of Matthew and Luke, the books surrounding the Gospel of Mark, Jesus authority is constantly being questioned and he is being put to the test by Scribes and Pharisees. The Jewish leaders were uncomfortable with Jesus’ practices because he did not follow the Mosaic Law, or Covenant (the set of rules and regulations that strictly guided the Jews â€Å"religious and community life and acted as their ‘constitution†, which also includes the Ten Commandments) as strictly as they believed he should. Jesus healed the sick on the Sabbath and ate with sinners and lepers, things that the scribes and Pharisees would never dream of doing. In quoting the sacred texts of the Jews, it was established that Jesus was a devoted, and practicing Jew, something the Scribes may have been confused by, because with his teachings Jesus made a statement to the Jews that he was the new covenant, the new lawgiver. The thought of something with more authority than the Mosaic Law of the Old Testament was highly disturbing to the Jewish leaders because they neither knew, nor wanted another way. The Old Testament can also be referred to as the â€Å"Law of Fear and Servitude† because it focuses primarily on rules, laws, and punishments. Jesus came to preach a very different message one of hope and love, which he summed up in two sentences. That is why the New Testament is referred to as the New Law, or the â€Å"Law of Love and Liberty†. As Sullivan explains, this is why St. Thomas Aquinas considered the New Law to be infused, to come from within. The Old Testament was about outwardly appearance, while the New Testament was about individual intimate relationships. Although Jesus certain ly taught the importance of obedience to God, he taught that instead it is better to do obey the Lord because of love, not fear of punishment. As a result of that love for the Lord, we are inclined from within ourselves to follow the law of God because we love him (thus, the title â€Å"Law of Liberty†). And with that same love, it is only logical that we would treat our neighbors with that same love, as we would want to be treated. Because the New Testament is a reflection on Jesus and his teachings, this passage in Mark is a perfect model of Jesus’ different form of teaching, and how he established himself as the new lawgiver, or new covenant to the people with his message to love God and to love others. As previously mentioned, the surrounding Gospels of Matthew and Luke also include this same passage; however, they differ greatly, as Agnes Norfleet notes in Between Text and Sermon. In the other gospels, the environment in which Jesus is questioned is very tense, accusatory, and unreceptive. The individuals questioning (more so challenging) Jesus are not questioning in order to receive answers, they are searching for a way to catch Jesus saying something that could be taken in an offensive way to the Jewish faith and tradition, in hopes of convicting him on a charge of blasphemy or another related crime. After hearing Jesus’ response his questioners are merely more aggravated and set on his conviction than before. The same passage, but in Mark, is a great contrast! The environment in Mark is pleasant and accepting. More importantly, the scribe who questions Jesus reflects on the answer he is given and finds that he agrees. When he states he thinks these commandments must be â€Å"more important than the burnt offerings and sacrifices required by the law†, he expresses understanding because he is able to apply Jesus’ message to his own life. Unlike the Jewish leaders in the surrounding books and passages, he is able to see the big picture and look past the â€Å"Law of Fear and Punishment† and see the message of â€Å"Love and Liberty† that Jesus preaches. This is exactly what Jesus wants all of his followers to do! He wants his followers to take his message and not merely accept it, but to judge for themselves and if in accord, to apply it to their lives! The importance Jesus places on this, as well as the desire he has for us to understand and act on his love is sealed when he tells the wise scribe, â€Å"You are not far from the kingdom of God†. The Gospel of Mark 12:2-34 can be interpreted and debated hundreds of ways, but I believe that the theological message of the passage was to establish Jesus as the new lawgiver, as well as to preach his message: to love God and to love others. Once able do this, his followers would be able to realize that they could live out his message by understanding and applying it to their everyday lives. When his followers could fully live out this â€Å"First and Greatest Commandment† they, like the scribe, would be in a place in which they longed to be, and Jesus longs for all of humanity to be, and that is â€Å"not far from the kingdom of God† (Mark 12:34). Bibliography Cory, Catherine A. and David Landry. The Christian Theological Tradition. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2003. The International Student Bible for Catholics: New American Bible. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, Inc., 1987. Norfleet, Agnes W. Mark 12:28-34. Interpretation: Between Text and Sermon 51, no. 4 (October 1997): 403-406. ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost (accessed March 8, 2008). Sullivan, S.J., John J. The Commandment of Love: The First and Greatest of the Commandments Explained According to the Teachings of St. Thomas Aquinas. First ed. New York: Vantage Press, 1956. Research Papers on The First and Greatest CommandmentCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XMind TravelComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayBringing Democracy to AfricaEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenTrailblazing by Eric AndersonThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Project Managment Office System

Monday, November 4, 2019

GetWrite Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GetWrite - Coursework Example This is the location where crime and illegal immigration are most likely to intertwine. Accordingly, this is where the study would ideally be centered. In any experiment, it is desirable to partake in some form of random (probability) sampling. In this case, every member of the target population would have an equal chance at being a participant in the study. In order for this study to be truly random, then all persons living along a dangerous border crossing area would have the chance to be in the experiment. Unfortunately, this is not possible due to many restraints (time, money, etc.) and so we are forced to settle for a form of non-probability sampling. Specifically, we will be using convenience sampling, which means we will study the people who are easiest to study along the border area. This is necessary due to the potential hostility in the area, as well as travel restraints. This is certainly a limitation of the experiment, as it makes it much harder to apply the results to the entirety of the target population. It should be noted that the expected link between illegal immigration and crime might not be a simple direct relationship. One recent study identifies the overbearing crackdown on illegal immigration as a cause of more crime by making criminals stay in the areas longer (Hammond,

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Daniel R. Headrick, The Tools of Empire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Daniel R. Headrick, The Tools of Empire - Essay Example He argues throughout the book, with reference to many well-researched examples, that pre-Industrial Revolution, the journeying, living and conquering of such regions simply was not possible, as the technology was just not available for this to be achieved, managed or sustained successfully. However, as Headrick argues, with the onset of the Industrial Revolution and the technological advances this forged, these technological advances allowed people to travel and live in countries other than their own, such that the expansion of the Empire became possible at this period in history. Continuing on from this general introduction, throughout the book, Headrick analyzes the technological advances that allowed this dominance to proceed, both by presenting a straight-forward mechanical analysis of the actions of the people and the inventions and technological advances involved, and by presenting a detailed analysis of secondary sources, which allows him to offer an interpretation of the thoughts and motivations of the people involved; this e... Thus, the text moves forward apace, discussing what could be rather dry historical texts and documents, in a light and easy to read manner. This use of interpreting secondary sources for his own means, to present information from entirely his own perspective leads, however, to several major problems with the text, which will be discussed later in this review. In the book, Headrick spends a long time discussing inventions of relevance in this period; for example, much of the book is devoted to a discussion of anti-malarial drugs and how they enabled Europeans to travel, live and work in the tropical regions. This discussion is not, however, centred around why there was a desire to colonize and conquer these regions and its people; indeed, the book steers away from this subject at every opportunity, almost as if it is something not to be discussed. Yet this is precisely the issue that is opportune in such a tome: in scientific or technological achievements, it is usually the motivations which drive people to achieve leaps of progress, and not the leaps of progress themselves which drive people to want to achieve technological or scientific advancement. It would have been extremely interesting, as a reader, to be presented with alternate arguments for why at this particular point in history, aside from technological advances which enabled travel to these regions to become easier, Europeans decided to travel to these regions - what were they seeking Where did the funds for travel and expeditions come from How did they plan and execute journeys and colonisation strategies A more strategic analysis of the era, in terms of political and economic motivations would have been welcome, as this would have offered a complete picture of the events of the time, which

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Jewish Museum Berlin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Jewish Museum Berlin - Essay Example Under it, one would see an independent infrastructure on the outside though both the new and old buildings are interconnected underground. There is a second underground tunnel that directs one to the E.T.A Hoffmann Garden or The Garden of Exile and a final underground tunnel that leads from the Museum to the Holocaust Tower which is a 79 foot tall empty silo. This final tunnel is an empty concrete where light can only come through a small slit of the roof that covers it. These three tunnels are three spaces that represents the connection of the realities of Jewish life in Germany- Continuity of that history, Emigration from Germany, and of course, the Holocaust. Today, there is a multifunctional space that gave way to the establishment of the Museum’s restaurant and also an area to hold lectures, concerts, and events while still keeping up with the Baroque style of architecture. 1 A lot about the infrastructure’s architecture has a lot to do with the cultural circumstances, both social and intellectual of that time. The interconnections of the three tunnels actually represented Berlin politics at that time where East and West Germany was starting to build and develop a relationship on the year 1960s which only came to a halt when they started competing with each other in year 1989. The spaces that are readily felt and seen inside the building highlights that relationship which was anything but static, resulted by the political clashes afterwards. The Museum’s extension, showed the re-integration of the understanding of politics and social significance at that time which is hoped to bring the East and the West Germany together. Also, the changing mood of the entrants from the cool and neutral spaces to a radical and zigzag design which earned the name â€Å"Blitz† are a strong symbolism of the unstable and ever changing history at that time

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Later Adulthood Development Essay Example for Free

Later Adulthood Development Essay During our life time it is inevitable that we will grow older. People 65 an older are living longer lives. This age group has been increasing over the years with the help of new technology. During this stage in life we will go through many life transformations. First we will change not only physically, but mentally, and emotionally, and socially. Our roles in life will change drastically and if not prepared it will not be a smooth transition. If a person was once very independent in their younger years and now will need to be dependent on others for assistance it could become a big problem. They may need help with basic daily health needs such as bathing, cooking or may need help getting around town. There are many assistant living facilities that will assist them if needed. Another issue in aging is they may become victims of crimes. Elderly people have physical limitations that will make it harder for them to defend themselves. Discrimination will now become another issue that they will have to face. It may be hard for them to land a job at this age because many companies might be worried that they will constantly be out of work or can’t physically do the job. Compare living accommodations such as accessibility and the need for health care: There are numerous nursing facilities for the elderly to live in. In the past these facilities were ran like institutions and less like a home. The new facilities are well equipped with everything they would have in their own homes. Facilities provide entertainment, social gatherings, everything you would need to enjoy your elderly years. Many elderly people would prefer to live and maintain their own households with their spouses and not have to resort to facility living. Health care is important to the elderly generation because they are more apet to have health problems. Because of the increasing cost of health care Medicare and Medicaid programs were put in place to reduce the cost of health care for this age group. Another medical issue for the elderly is that Physicians are primarily  trained in treating young people and the elderly does not receive the quality care they need. In that age group medical care is crucial for their survival because they are more frail and sick than the younger generation. The transition from work to retirement is a major part in anyone’s life. Mandatory retirement was once created for people age 65 an older, it was meant to abolish the oversupply of available workers. Congress eventually stopped this law because it was discriminating towards the elderly. Retiring is a major adjustment in life for those who worked there whole lives. One of the many adjustments are living on a smaller income, and no interaction from fellow coworkers. Social Security benefits is a financial assistance program for retired people 65 and up but it was never intended to make a person financially independent. It is impossible to live comfortably just off of social security checks alone. About 95 percent of older adults receive Social Security; for 18 percent of them, Social Security is their only income. Americans who did not prepare themselves finically will need to work for the rest of their lives. Those who did not prepare themselves for retirement will have to worry about money and possible have to rely on government assistance. Those who did prepare themselves financially will not have to worry about money an can enjoy their leisure time and enjoy the many things that they weren’t able to do while working such as traveling, golfing, etc. Many people at this stage will get bored an unfulfilled without a job to go too. Volunteering their time and possible a part time job are a few ways an elderly couple can do to stay productive and be a contributing citizen. Older people volunteering their time can also lead to a higher feel of worth and self-esteem. Many changes go in in marriage, family, and peer relationships when we grow older. Older people are married they are happier than the non-married ones. When we age we will have to understand that one spouse will have to take care of their spouse. The caretaking spouse will get frustrated, angry, overwhelmed with caring for their spouse. When a spouse is ill this can drain the family savings and add more stress over finances. When a spouse dies it can be very emotional for the spouse that is left behind they will begin to experience loneliness’, depression and will have more things to take care of on their own. The surviving spouse will have to be emotionally ready to move on with life without their mate. Peer relationships will also change beca use  friends are sick and dying and reminds them that the end is near. This can lead to elderly people staying in the house and distancing themselves from other people and family. Some elderly begin to live with family and like the idea that they are around their loved ones. Others do not want to put a burden on to their family and decide to move into a nursing facility instead. Living with someone else can become a major shock because they are used to living on their own. The social policies that affect the older adults are Medicaid, Medicare, social security benefits, and the older Americans act of 1965. Medicare was created to assist older people with the cost of health care. Everyone 65 and older will be eligible for this service. Everyone in the United States is eligible for some sort of social security benefit after retirement age if they worked. This Money is paid into the social security system from taxes from employees and employers. It is a certain amount of money given every month to offset the cost of living. Some elderly people live off just social security alone because they did not plan correctly for the future. If a person does not have any pensions, savings and other income it will not be enough to live comfortable off of. . The Americans Act of 1965 is a law and its amendments and they are the basis for federal aid to states and local communities to meet the needs of the older generation. This law assists with an adequate income, physical and mental health, housing, employment opportunities. The final service made for the elderly is Medicaid. It provides services for low income families, and those who need public assistance. Each state is different with the Medicaid benefits. When we age we will all change mentally, physically, physically and socially it’s all a part of this life cycle. With proper planning and research growing older can be a smooth transition in life. Financial planning, family support, resources are all positive can contributions to everything an older adul t needs. References Dale, O., Smith, R., Norlin, J. M., Chess, W. A. (2009). Human behavior and the social environment: Social systems theory (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.